Circassian Language Maintenance in Jordan

Immisoft

Uurimis- ja Arenduskeskus

Juhatuse liige ja teadur: Ülle Rannut, PhD

Immisoft

Center for Research and Development

Board member and Researcher: Ülle Rannut, PhD

Research about Circassian Language and its maintenance in Jordan.

2025

The role and impact of the community on the Circassian language instruction in Jordan

Community-based language instruction planning.

Rannut, Ülle (2025). The role and impact of the community on the Circassian language instruction in Jordan. Community-based language instruction planning.  In: ImmiSoft – Language Research and Development Series 1/2025. ImmiSoft – Center for Research and Development.

Abstract
In this paper we analyze Circassian language instruction programs and methods in the Circassian community in Jordan as well as the impact of private school and community gatherings on language maintenance. The main focus is on the implementation of the community-based language teaching approach to enhance motivation and efficiency of the Circassian language instruction in Jordan.

The current research was conducted in the framework of the research project “The role and impact of the community on teaching immigrants’ mother tongue, minority languages and official languages” funded by ImmiSoft – Center for Research and Development in 2016 – 2025.

The previous research was conducted in the framework of the Andrew W Mellon Foundation Fellowship in American Center of Oriental Research in Jordan 2007 and 2011.

2011

Maintenance of the Circassian language in Jordan

Self-identification, attitudes, policies and practices as indicators of the linguistic vitality

The research project “Maintenance of the Circassian Language in Jordan” was funded by an
A. W. Mellon grant in 2007 and 2011 at the American Center of Oriental Research. The aim of
the study was to analyze and explain the impact of ethno-linguistic self-identification, symbolic
attitudes, personal beliefs and official language ideologies on minority language practices by
examining the maintenance of the Circassian language in Jordan. The main focus was on
UNESCO Language Vitality and Endangerment Factors (UNESCO, 2003) 1 – the absolute
number of minority language speakers and the proportion of speakers within the total
population, 2 – language policies, attitudes and beliefs, and 3 – language practices, including
intergenerational language transmission, instruction and use in new domains, e.g., National
Adiga Radio and Television (NART TV).

2009

Maintenance of the Circassian language in Jordan

Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 30(4, July 2009), 297 - 310

The central goal of this research is to explore the language policy aspects in Jordan by focusing on the Circassian language maintenance issues and to provide measures for language revitalization in the current demographic, linguistic and political situation. Research is based on multiple sources of information, but primarily on the empirical data collected through 14 videotaped interviews conducted with prominent researchers and professors and teachers of Circassian, through observations and a survey covering 485 respondents, including 323 pupils from the age of 10 up to 16, and 162 parents. The Circassian language status and maintenance are analyzed as a continuum of language functions and domains in a society. Classification is based on the traditional distribution of language policy dimensions, where language status, corpus and acquisition aspects, as well as UNESCO’s nine language vitality factors and linguistic rights are considered. Different factors influencing language maintenance are useful for characterizing a language’s overall sociolinguistic situation. So far there has been neither expert evaluation of the Circassian language situation based on international legal documents, nor has there been research which would provide basis for requesting governmental support and plan further steps for language revitalization. (Contains 3 figures and 1 note.)